Discussions regarding the functional design of second chambers in federal or quasifederal systems seem to focus mainly on legislative functions. Thus. extra- or nonlegislative functions related to the executive branch or the judiciary have been rather neglected in the literature. This paper will examine the extra-legislative functions of second chambers which include Austria. https://www.roneverhart.com/Dubble-Bubble-Gumball-Machine-Dispensers-12-Piece-Box/