Longitudinal rf manipulation schemes have been widely employed for achieving various beam experiments and applications in heavy ion or proton (hadron) synchrotrons. For high-intensity hadron beams. longitudinal space charge and cavity beam loading play a key role in beam intensity limitations since they may cause beam oscillations and longitudinal emittance growth. Efficient schemes t... https://www.atome3des.shop/product-category/imprimante-3d/